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    BACTERIURIA ASINTOMÁTICA EN ADULTOS INTERNADOS EN EL CENTRO MEDICO BAUTISTA, AÑO 2023
    (0025-11-07) Sanchez, Dahia
    Introduction: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB) is defined as the presence of bacteria in a properly collected urine sample in the absence of signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection. It is a common finding that does not always require treatment. It is usually detected in women under 60 years of age, patients with diabetes, and elderly individuals. Screening and treatment are recommended for pregnant women, before urological procedures, or if bacteriuria persists 48 hours after removal of a urinary catheter. In preschool children with vesicoureteral reflux, treatment is also justified. The inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a key factor in the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. The WHO has classified antimicrobial resistance as one of the main threats to global public health. A proper medical history and physical examination are essential to make appropriate decisions regarding antibiotic use. Objectives: :To determine the frequency of AB in adults with positive urine cultures; to analyze its distribution by sex and predisposing conditions; to identify isolated pathogens and their antibiotic resistance patterns. Materials and Methods:: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, and quantitative study was conducted. A total of 89 urine samples from adults with positive urine cultures were included. Sampling consisted of consecutive cases. The selected variables were: asymptomatic bacteriuria (colony count ≥100,000 in the absence of symptoms), sex, underlying diseases, microorganisms, and antibiotic resistance.Results:: LThe frequency of AB was 84%, with the majority being female (64%). The most common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (28%), Alzheimer’s disease (5%), urinary catheter use (2.6%), and urinary incontinence (1.3%). The most frequently isolated pathogens were E. coli (44%), K. pneumoniae (16%), and Enterococcus faecalis (4%), among others. Sixteen ESBL-producing isolates (21.3%), two MRSA (2.6%), and two MBL (2.6%) were identified. Discussion and Conclusion:: The results confirm a high frequency of AB among hospitalized adults, particularly in women and patients with diabetes, consistent with international data. According to IDSA guidelines, treatment is indicated only for pregnant women and prior to urological procedures. Unnecessary antibiotic use in AB contributes to bacterial resistance, as reflected in the high proportion of multidrug-resistant microorganisms in this study. The presence of ESBL, MRSA, and MBL isolates highlights the need for institutional protocols to avoid unnecessary treatments and contain antimicrobial resistance. Timely detection of ESBL, MRSA, and MBL is crucial to prevent the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria in hospital settings, thereby protecting vulnerable patients and healthcare personnel. Implementing strict measures reduces healthcare-associated infections, optimizes therapeutic resources, and helps preserve the efficacy of available antimicrobials.